Blood or خون or रथ
- Blood is a red fluid running in our body to keep us live.
- It is a connective tissue.
- Quantity in a man = 6.8 litres
- Quantity in a Woman = 6-6.3 litres
- Constitutes = 6-8% of body weight
- pH = 7.4
- Functions of Blood :
- To supply oxygen to the various organs of the body.
- To remove waste products of the body.
- To supply food to the various organs of the body
- To manufacture digestive juice.
- It is divided into two categories : I) Blood Plasma and II) Blood Cells
- They are originated in Red Bone Marrow.
- They are of three types : i) RBC (Red Blood Corpuscle) , ii) WBC ( White Blood Corpuscle) and iii) Platelets.
3. RBC :
- Also Called : Erythrocyte
- Disc- Shaped
- No Nucleus
- Contains a pigment called Haemoglobin.
- Haemoglobin makes a blood cell red coloured.
- It also transports oxygen and carbon dioxide.
- It's life = 120 days
- Number of RBCs in a Normal body = 4.5-5 million/ cubic mm of blood.
4. WBC :
- Also called = Leucocyte
- Rounded
- has a Nucleus.
- Acts as the soldier of body's defence system.
- Number of WBCs in a Normal body = 8000/ cubic mm of blood.
5. Platelets :
- Also called Thrombocytes.
- They are about 2,50,000/cubic mm of blood.
- They help the blood to clot.
6. Blood Groupings :
- Karl Landsteiner = Father of Blood Grouping.
- He discovered A, B and O blood groups.
- Another blood group AB discovered by Decastello and Sturle.
Blood Grp: Can donate to : Can get from
A A , AB A , O
B B , AB B , O
AB AB A, B, AB , O
O A, B, AB, O O
7. RH Factor :
- It is a blood antigen found in RBC.
- It has two types : Rh+ and Rh-
- Rh+ or Rh- depends upon the presence of Rh factor in RBC.
- Rh+ person can receive blood from both Rh+ and Rh- persons.
- Rh- person can only receive blood from Rh- persons.
- Percentage of Rh+ persons in the world = 86 %
- Percentage of Rh- persons in the world = 14 %
- James Blundell founds the development bof Blood Transfusion Technique.
8. Blood Pressure :With every contraction and relaxation of the heart, there is a certain degree of pressure on the walls of the blood vessels.This is called Blood Pressure.
9. Sphermagnometer :-It is an instrument used to record Blood Pressure.
10. Some Causes of High Blood Pressure : Kidney disease , internal poisoning and prolonged emotional stress.
9. Sphermagnometer :-It is an instrument used to record Blood Pressure.
10. Some Causes of High Blood Pressure : Kidney disease , internal poisoning and prolonged emotional stress.